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APA 7th Edition Citation Guide

Step 4: Source

Formatting Source Information

Publication Information

Example — Magazines, Journals, etc.

Rudd, A., & Gordon, B. S. (2010). An exploratory investigation of sportsmanship attitudes among college student basketball fans. Journal of Sport Behavior, 33, 466-488.

Example — Books, Reports, etc.

Falvo, D. R. (2011). Effective patient education: A guide to increased adherence. Jones and Bartlett.

Issue Numbers

Some journals and magazines start numbering their pages at "1" in every issue. Other journals, however, start at "page 1" only for the first issue of the volume and continue the numbering throughout the year. If you are citing an item that begins every issue on "page 1", provide the issue number in parentheses right after the volume number. Do not italicize the issue of the number.

Example
Klein, J. G., Smith, N. C., & John, A. (2004). Whey we boycott: Consumer motivations for boycott participation. Journal of Marketing, 68(3), 92-109.

Electronic Sources

To assist in retrieving information, for electronic resources the final step is listing the DOI (digital object identifier) or URL.

Example — Journal Article with DOI

McCauley, S. M., & Christiansen, M. H. (2019). Language learning as language use: A cross-linguistic model of child language development. Psychological Review, 126(1), 1-51. https:doi.org/10.1037/rv0000126

Example — Webpage on a Website with an Individual Author

Martin Lillie, C. M. (2016, December 29). Be kind to yourself: How self-compassion can improve your resiliency. Mayo Clinic. https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/in-depth/self-compassion-can-improve-your-resiliency/art-20267193