Note: Refer to AI and Publishing Guidelines - Artificial Intelligence (AI) Guide - LibGuides at University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center. If you are preparing a manuscript for submission, you should check the publisher's or individual journal’s position on the use of AI Assisted Technologies.
You can use the information provided here as a starting point in the review of the publisher's and/or journal’s Editorial Policies and Author Guidelines related to AI Assisted Technologies.
AMA does not recommend citing AI software such as ChatGPT as the creator/author of any material, as software does not qualify for "authorship" (it is not human and does not possess independent thought).
If you use AI software to generate content that is included in an assignment, in text you should explain that you have used a particular software tool to do so, and provide a citation for the software:
ChatGPT1 was used to generate patient information sheets, which were then checked for quality and corrected as necessary.
Note: The way software companies identify the version of the software you are using differs from company to company. In the ChatGPT example above, the versioning used by ChatGPT was a date, rather than a version number.
The example below shows how to cite software with more detailed version information. It is also an example of software installed on your computer (as opposed to web-based software):
This information is from a FAQ regarding the Bing Chat search engine. As other search engines adopt the use of AI language models, you will be able to find similar information to cite them in a similar, way, if needed. Remember, a search engine is not a preferred source of information (just a tool for finding sources of information) and you should click on the links to find the sources, rather than citing the search engine.
I've used Bing Chat - how do I cite it for my assignment?
Bing Chat is a search engine that uses the GPT-4 model to facilitate searching. Like Google and any other search engine (and, indeed, any other AI chatbot), it is not a primary source of information.
When Bing provides information, it provides links to the source of that information. If you are using the information Bing has provided, you should follow those links back to their source, and cite those pages rather than Bing.
You would only need to reference Bing if you were actually discussing the use of Bing in your assignment - and even then, many citation styles allow you to mention software in text without including an entry in your reference list. If, however, you felt that the wording Bing used was important, and you wanted to cite Bing directly or use an exact quote from Bing, you should cite it using the following details:
Author: Microsoft and OpenAI
Year: The date you used the product (e.g. 2023)
Title: Bing Chat (this is the name of the product, so treat it as a name and do not convert to sentence case if the style usually requires it)
Version number: a version number is not available at this time, so skip this piece of information
Type: GPT-4 language model
Publisher: Microsoft
URL: https://www.bing.com/search
Accessed Date: the date you accessed the program
Here is an example using APA:
And an example using AMA: